Decred Journal – January 2021

abstract art

Image: Overflow Dissipation by @saender

Happy Birthday, Decred!

Behind are five years of non-stop development and delivery on the promise of decentralization, one pragmatic step at a time. January was no different:

Hidden Hydra is here!

The long-awaited v1.6 aka Hidden Hydra is finally here! This is probably the biggest upgrade in Decred’s history with several major and numerous smaller upgrades across all software projects. All changes are listed in the detailed release notes so here we will only highlight the big ones:

And here are the high level steps to upgrade:

There are some known issues with buying tickets in Decrediton v1.6.0 that will be fixed in the upcoming patch release.

Development

The work reported below has the “merged to master” status unless noted otherwise. It means that the work is completed, reviewed, and integrated into the source code that advanced users can build and run, but is not yet available in release binaries for regular users.

January’s updates to dcrd are a good example of what users building from source can get today without waiting for the next release.

dcrd

The main effort of the month was to prepare, thoroughly review and test several epic changes towards multi-peer block downloading, although the changes are generally useful for simplifying the code and unlocking future optimizations:

Other changes:

A total of 47 PRs from 10 contributors were merged, adding 12K and deleting 7K lines of code.

In progress:

dcrwallet

The above changes were also backported to the v1.6 release.

Decrediton

Most of the above changes were included in the v1.6 release and the rest will land in the v1.6.1 patch release.

Politeia

CMS:

vspd

vspd version 1.0.0 is now tagged and all VSP operators should upgrade their mainnet deployment.

v1.0.0 marks the beginning of a proper release process, where VSP operators should only ever run tagged releases in production (until now, vspd has still been in dev and operators have just been deploying whatever was latest master).

dcrpool

In progress:

dcrlnd

dcrdex

Three key topics in January were to fix remaining issues for the v0.1.4 patch (which was part of the collective v1.6 release), continue development towards the next v0.2 milestone, and manage the proposal for the next development phase.

Merged work:

A total of 32 PRs from 7 contributors were merged, adding 3K and deleting 1K lines of code.

Check the second proposal for a big picture plan of what’s coming in the next 9 months. In addition, this tweet hinted at a possible integration of privacy on the DCR side of trading.

Congratulations to the DCRDEX team with the stunning 98% Yes votes!

dcrandroid

To enable the above features, mixing and Politeia support were added to the dcrlibwallet base library and can now be reused by dcrios and godcr.

dcrios

godcr

dcrdata

dcrros

docs

decred.org

Decred Address Scanner

Version 1.06 has been released with a new database structure and ticket watching abilities. It is available on Google Play and as a direct APK download on GitHub.

Status as of Jan 20 update:

Other

People

Welcome to new first time contributors with code merged to master: @lolandhold (dcrd), @brunaazambuja (pi-ui), @hamurabiaraujo (pi-ui)!

Community stats as of Feb 1:

Unusual changes detected among the tracked accounts:

Governance

In January the Treasury received 11,878 DCR and spent 6,750 DCR. Using January’s daily average DCR/USD rate of $54.25, this is $644K received and $366K spent. At December’s average daily rate of $31.07, the USD figure billed for past work is $210K. As of Feb 10, the Treasury balance is 647,942 DCR (64.3 million USD at $99.26).

Four proposals were submitted in January, and by Journal publication in early Feb they had all finished voting:

It looks like the surge in ticket price and PoS participation has also resulted in an increased level of Politeia engagement on the part of the people who hold tickets.

A further two proposals were submitted in early February, for Decred Journal 2021 (max budget $39,000) and Open Source Research 2021 (max budget $40,000). The Decred Journal proposal offers an opportunity to leave more formal and immutable feedback than usual, and you can also (if you’ve got tickets) vote to continue funding the Journal!

@buck54321 drafted a pre-proposal for Decred Eco, a GUI application manager to install, configure and update a growing list of Decred-related software without touching the command line (think of what Steam does for games).

@Checkmate and @pavel have clarified the status of dcronchain.com proposal: the project is alive, development continues when time is available, and it is not being replaced by checkonchain.com. All known proposal updates have been collected here.

Politeia Digest returned with a catch-up issue 40 which also covered December proposals.

Network

Hashrate: January’s hashrate opened at ~348 Ph/s and closed ~406 Ph/s, bottoming at 283 Ph/s and peaking at 545 Ph/s throughout the month. Pool hashrate distribution as of Feb 1: UUPool 33%, Poolin 29%, Antpool 18%, easy2mine 9.4%, F2Pool 5.2%, BTC.com 2%, Huobipool 1.9%, Luxor 1.1%, CoinMine 0.04%.

Staking: 30-day average ticket price was 173.23 DCR (+9.3). The price varied between 149.9-212.3 DCR. Locked amount was 6.55-7.12 million DCR, which corresponded to 52.53-56.71% of the available supply participating in PoS.

We once again had record high numbers this month both in terms of ticket price 212.28 DCR (with a new USD ATH) and also stake participation of 56.71%!

Nodes: Throughout January there was an average of 116 public listening nodes and 235 total nodes according to dcr.farm. Average version distribution for January: 22% dcrd v1.5.2, 14% dcrd v1.6.0, 13% dcrd v1.6 dev and RC builds, 13% dcrd v1.5.1, 4% dcrd v1.7 dev builds, 3.6% dcrd v1.5.0, 2.3% dcrd v1.5 dev and RC builds, 0.4% dcrd v1.4, 10% dcrwallet v1.5.1, 7% dcrwallet v1.6.0, 1% dcrwallet v1.6 dev and RC builds, 1% dcrwallet v1.5, 0.6% dcrwallet v1.4, 8% others.

As of Feb 10, PoS upgrade threshold for the decentralized treasury consensus change has been met while the PoW is catching up at 50%.

Decred’s Lightning Network had 28 nodes (+4), 47 channels (+5) with a total capacity of 8.3 DCR (-0.4), as of Feb 1. @jholdstock’s network map has moved to a new domain. LN capacity is becoming more important as more LN features are exposed to end users via Decrediton GUI. Thank you to all LN operators for running the nodes!

In his second blockchain analysis report @richardred followed how the freshly mined coins are flowing through mining pools, their miners and eventually hitting exchange addresses. The report updates on the progress of developing the tooling, and shares visualizations of address/transaction clusters and the flow of funds. The main focus of the report is on the 5 clusters which received the most Coinbase DCR in 2019-2020, and the 5 which received the most DCR from these transactions. These clusters were thought to represent mining pools and their users, but examination of how they are structured indicated variability in function, with some appearing to belong to individuals. A total of 4,852 distinct clusters (with more than 1 address each) can be taken as a rough guess at the number of different individuals/wallets who mined DCR in this period.

Integrations

dcr.farm added support for vspd on a new subdomain vsp.dcr.farm. In early Feb decredvoting.com and dcrpool.ibitlin.com also upgraded to support vspd. The latter offers a bonus Telegram bot to watch tickets.

Unresponsive VSPs decred.everstake.one and dcrpos.megapool.info were removed from the listing.

As of writing 10 out of 17 VSPs have upgraded to vspd. VSP operators please be aware that users of Decrediton v1.6 will see the list of new vspd instances as a recommended option, which means VSPs that upgrade sooner may steal some users from the slower ones!

Brazilian Monnos announced the addition of DCR to their portfolio. The platform allows to trade crypto for BRL fiat, copy strategies of other traders (“social trading”), and plans to issue crypto payment cards. As of writing DCR deposits are not available but buying, trading, and withdrawing might work.

Nigerian First Kudi announced that DCR was added to their new First Kudi Pro platform that allows trading crypto to NGN fiat and USDT/GUSD stablecoins.

Binance had DCR deposits and withdrawals disabled for 30+ hours starting roughly 12 hours after v1.6 was released.

Warning: the authors of the Decred Journal have no idea about the trustworthiness of any of the services above. Please do your own research before trusting your personal information or assets to any entity.

Adoption

Early stage venture firm Inflection closed their second fund with DCR being one of the assets. Their homepage defines Decred as an “Internet nation and governance platform”.

Outreach

Monde PR’s achievements for January:

News coverage secured by Monde PR:

Events

Attended:

Media

@kyleFirethought and EETER made Decred LottieFiles’ Top Contributor for uploading 203 animations in 2020. Lottie is an animation system used by Decred designers.

Selected articles:

The cryptocommons.cc book received a major update covering selected developments from 2020, and these were also written up as a standalone blog post in the style of an annual review. The idea is that people who already read Peer Production on the Crypto Commons can get the update without reading it all again. While the full post is 18,000 words long there is also a tweet thread version that’s much shorter. Regular readers of the Relevant External section will recognize many of the same stories. One of the main themes of the update is divergence of the “open source movement”, with disillusionment apparently growing among people working on more corporate-dominated projects. This contrasts with the crypto space where the number of open source projects, and funding mechanisms for these, are growing in scale and diversity. While the bear market was hard for many projects and saw their efforts scaled back, others were able to continue without a care, and there are still a steady stream of new funding initiatives being trialled.

Videos:

Art and fun:

Translations:

Other non-English content:

Community Discussions

Comm systems news:

Selected Reddit posts:

Selected Twitter discussions:

People who love DCR, really love it :) DCRDEX a big fundamental and market structure catalyst, after brutal bear. Layer in DCR privacy and it’s now one of the most sovereign venues to swap coin.

Now people just stacking tickets, and stacking sats, via DCR. (@cburniske)

Markets

In January DCR was trading between USD 39.80-69.00 / BTC 0.0013-0.0020. The average daily rate was $54.25.

A colorful chart by @Checkmate showed how DCR has not followed 5 bigger coins in their decline against BTC and even made some gains.

Decred update in Our Network newsletter issue 56 by @Checkmate and @PermabullNino highlights the highest ever inflow of DCR into tickets that supported a doubling in DCR/BTC price. Indicator of price at which DCR was staked shows that only 17% of all staking occurred above $40, suggesting that stakers are in a reasonable profit in USD terms. DCR/BTC breakeven level for stakers is estimated around 0.004 BTC, above which ~60% of all stakers will be in profit.

checkonchain.com added Unrealized Profit and Loss oscillator that measures the difference between Spot and Realized price as a ‘sentiment’ measure on how much profit is in the system. @PermabullNino joined to improve the site and posted a quick walkthrough of some interesting charts. For intance, USD Lifetime Ticket Price has acted as a historical bull/bear line that was cleared in January.

DCRDEX has traded a total of 1.3M DCR and 1.9K BTC over almost 4 months since launch. On average that is roughly 12K DCR / 17 BTC per 24 hours.

Relevant External

Bitcoin Core 0.21.0 has been released with big highlights including Taproot consensus rules (allows more flexible smart contracts and better privacy) implemented as a soft fork, and support for serving BIP157 compact filters. The latter was proposed in May 2017 and offered a big improvement to security and privacy of light wallets, compared to popular Electrum and wallets relying on central servers to fetch data without validating the full blockchain. In December 2018 the risk of Electrum middleware materialized and around $4M worth of BTC was stolen by hackers. A less obvious problem is the collection of private address and transaction data by ~90 Electrum servers that continues to this day.

Light wallets based on compact filters talk to full nodes without middlemen and don’t have these risks. Decred added their initial support in Sep 2018 and it was exposed to all users in Feb 2019. The second generation of this tech was added in May 2020 at the consensus level and integrated into wallets in Jan 2021.

American miner Marathon Patent Group joined DMG Blockchain Solutions to create a “cooperative mining pool”. To benefit the industry, the pool will include “clean block mining” proprietary tech that will “specifically omit any transactions deemed risky by Walletscore, and which may not meet OFAC standards”. r/Bitcoin discussed possible countermeasures and claims made by the companies.

Firo (formerly Zcoin) suffered a 51% attack where the attacker deposited 866K FIRO to Binance, sold them for other coins which they withdrew, then broadcast about 1 day’s worth of blocks which wiped out the attacker’s deposits. The Firo devs responded by triggering a “Lelantus” switch that prevented the attacker from anonymizing their FIRO (which was helpfully all stored in one address), and released an update which blacklisted the attacker’s address and added a new rule limiting max reorg depth to 5. While the network updated the attacker and honest miners engaged in a hash war, with the attacker trying to mine enough blocks to stay ahead so they could spend their ill-gotten gains.

BitMEX Research caused a stir when they tweeted that Bitcoin had experienced a small double-spend. It was helpfully clarified by Hasu and others that this was not a malicious double-spend attack but rather a benign event where a user happened to be bumping the fee on their transaction when a stale block occurred and the original transaction was expunged from the blockchain.

Yearn Finance voted to inflate the YFI supply by 20% to fund future development. YFI has been heralded for its “fair launch” which put all tokens in the hands of liquidity miners, but now they have voted to dedicate 20% to development some months later. As part of the run-up to the vote lead Yearn Finance developer Andre Cronje wrote about how building in DeFi sucks.

Tether has printed a record number of USDT. Total supply of stablecoins is exploding and issuance patterns correlate with crypto prices.

Reddit subreddit r/wallstreetbets broke into the mainstream with a retail-powered short squeeze that attracted global press coverage and cost the hedge funds which were caught out $20 billion, before Robinhood and the other platforms which had enabled it pulled the rug by preventing users from opening new positions.

Elon Musk was credited with pumping the BTC price after he tweeted support for Bitcoin, and later repeated the same trick with Dogecoin, presumably for his own amusement.

Microblogging service Parler has tested a new level of censorship in January. Taking down of apps from Google and Apple stores was nothing new, but a quick deplatforming by 2FA, identity, database providers and ultimately Amazon Web Services, showed pretty much everything that can go wrong when centralized solutions are naively used to build a less censored environment. Hopefully, developers and node operators will learn from this and prepare for such events in advance.

Google suspended the Element app without notice. Upon clarification request their representative explained that “the suspension was triggered by a report of extremely abusive content accessible on the matrix.org server”. As usual in such cases, the exact instance of content was not referenced for the public’s verification that the strike was fair. The app was restored ~1 hour later. A more positive interpretation is that this was a gentle reminder to reduce dependency on the ephemeral Google Play, and switch to F-Droid or self-hosted APKs.

Good news for censorship fighters, the youtube-dl repository that was taken down via RIAA’s request, was restored after an impressive push back involving creative ways to share censored code.

About This Issue

This is issue 34 of Decred Journal. Index of all issues, mirrors, and translations is available here.

Most information from third parties is relayed directly from source after a minimal sanity check. The authors of the Decred Journal have no ability to verify all claims. Please beware of scams and do your own research.

You can submit a story here to be considered for the next release. Feedback and contributions are always welcome.

Credits (alphabetical order):

UPDATED 2021-02-11 to correct how DCRDEX works and use term StakeShuffle instead of CoinShuffle++ (the latter is only one part of the system). You can find exact changes here.